The Compleat Distiller
Nixon, McCaw
Language: English
Pages: 145
ISBN: 193576103X
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
There has never before been a book published on the subject of home distillation that is as detailed as this. Every aspect is covered, from first principles to a clear explanation of the science behind it all. Every type of small still is described in detail, from the simplest to those incorporating the latest advanced techniques. No myths, no guesswork. Just tested and proven facts and designs.
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about the simplest still imaginable. Reflux and Product Ratios The Reflux Ratio is the ratio of the vapor returned to the still as reflux to the total amount of vapor produced. The reflux ratio is often expressed as a percentage: if the boiler produces 100 parts of vapor and 90 parts of this are condensed and returned, then the reflux ratio is 90%. Operating under 100% reflux, or at a reflux ratio of 100%, means that all the vapor is condensed and returned to the still. The ratio of the amount
for 750W. This circuit is carefully designed to have no unsafe settings (make up a Truth Table and check for yourself!) Fig. 7-13 120V Jumper Plug Box Fig. 7-14 Alternatively, as switches can be very expensive, you might prefer to do away with them altogether and make a Jumper Plug box instead. Not only is it cheaper, it is also easier to make, and the power levels can be clearly marked against each jumper socket. Study the diagrams carefully, and if you have any doubts about your ability to
is hot enough to melt the solder, then the solder will run freely and be rapidly sucked in to coat and join the flux prepared surfaces. As the solder is being sucked in, play the flame on the part towards which the solder is flowing. This will help it along its way and ensure a sound joint. Afterwards, wire brush and wash the soldered joint thoroughly to remove all traces of flux that may remain. There may be times when it is difficult to assemble parts so they hold together on their own as you
to design still heads to minimize reflux cooling. What can theory tell us about this? First thoughts Let’s start by considering a column under 100% reflux, and assume for the moment that the condenser is "perfect" − any vapor touching it is condensed and its latent heat whisked away, but it doesn't cool the resulting liquid below the dew point. THE COMPLEAT DISTILLER 109 The mass of the reflux being returned to the column will be equal to the mass of the vapor arriving. The temperature of
COMPLEAT DISTILLER 135 plates. This is one of the reasons that large industrial columns use physical plates to hold liquid in place and force vapor into contact with it under strictly controlled conditions. As boiler power is increased, more vapor and liquid condensate are produced (45 liters of vapor every minute for each kilowatt of power). If column diameter is increased proportionately, the main problem will be assuring the even spread of the condensate across the width of the column. If