Psychology

Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society

Traumatic Stress: The Effects of Overwhelming Experience on Mind, Body, and Society

Language: English

Pages: 596

ISBN: 157230457X

Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub


This bestselling classic presents seminal theory and research on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Together, the leading editors and contributors comprehensively examine how trauma affects an individual's biology, conceptions of the world, and psychological functioning. Key topics include why certain people cope successfully with traumatic experiences while others do not, the neurobiological processes underlying PTSD symptomatology, enduring questions surrounding traumatic memories and dissociation, and the core components of effective interventions. A highly influential work that laid the foundation for many of the field's continuing advances, this volume remains an immensely informative and thought-provoking clinical reference and text. The preface to the 2007 paperback edition situates the book within the context of contemporary research developments. 

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E. H. (1986). The victim-to-patient process: The disconfirmation and transformation of abuse. Americanfoumal of Orthopsychiatry, 56, 360370. Rieder, C , & Cicchetti, D. (1989). A n organizational perspective on cognitive control functioning and cognitive-affective balance in maltreated children. Developmental Psychology, 25, 482-493. Russell, D. (1986). The secret trauma. N e w York: Basic Books. Saxe, G. N., van der Kolk, B. A., Berkowitz, R., Chinman, G., Hall, K., Lieberg, G., & Schwartz, J.

Real-life trauma was ignored in favor of fantasy. However, just as his early hysterical patients seemed incapable of getting rid of their traumatic memories, Freud kept coming back to the issue of "fixation on the trauma." World W a r I temporarily confronted the world, including Freud, with the inescapable reality of the effects of trauma on people's spirits. During this time, he revived Janet's notion of "vehement emotions" as being at the root of traumatic neuroses: H e declared that the

trust in relationships and confidence in the future (see Chapter 9, this volume). T h u s issues such as the event's controllability, the individual's preparedness, and the extent of warning, as well as the severity and duration of the actual event, are all critical. It is usually assumed that the critical factor in the psychological sequelae of traumatic events is the nature of the acute psychological reaction that the victims endure (see Chapter 4, this volume). However, in m a n y instances

only by that of phobia, major depression, and alcohol and drug dependence. In the National Comorbidity Survey of 8,098 subjects, Kessler et al. (in press) found a lifetime prevalence of 6.5% and a 30-day prevalence of 2.8%. This study indicated the chronicity of symptoms in a significant minority, with little remission after 6 years—afindingsimilar to that of the 50-year follow-up study of Lee, Vaillant, Torrey, and Elder (1995). As noted earlier, Kessler et al. found that following exposure, w o

(1993). Psychiatric morbidity in survivors of organised state violence including torture: A retrospective series. British foumal of Psychiatry, 162, 55-59. Resnick, H. S., Kilpatrick, D. G., Dansky, B. S., Saunders, B. E., & Best, C. L. (1993). Prevalence of civilian trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in a representative national sample ofwomen. Joumal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61(6), 984-991. Richler, M . (1994). Writers on World War II N e w York: K n o p f Rubonis, A., &

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