The Yoga-Sūtra of Patañjali: A New Translation with Commentary
Chip Hartranft
Language: English
Pages: 113
ISBN: 2:00348059
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Injust 196 short aphorisms, this classic work of Indian philosophy spells outsuccinctly how the mind works, and how it is possible to use the mind to attainliberation. Compiled in the second or third century CE, the Yoga-Sutraisa road map of human consciousness—and a particularly helpful guide to the mindstates one encounters in meditation, yoga, and other spiritual practices. Itexpresses the truths of the human condition with great eloquence: how we knowwhat we know, why we suffer, and how we can discover the way out of suffering.Chip Hartranft's fresh translation and extensive, lucid commentary bring thetext beautifully to life. He also provides useful auxiliary materials,including an afterword on the legacy of the Yoga-Sutraandits relevance for us today.
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self. Patañjali’s final strategy for overcoming distraction is to become absorbed in any suitable object, regardless of size. As he explains at the beginning of chapter 3, fixing attention on one area (dhāraṇā) enables absorption (dhyāna), in which the entire perceptual flow is aligned toward the object. When object is seen as indivisible from subject, integration, or samādhi, has arrived. These developments—dhāraṇā, dhyāna, and samādhi—arise as the relentless movements of consciousness come to
belong to a different order of knowledge than seeing itself. Just as the dots on the map are nothing at all like a real city, all puruṣa concepts differ enormously from puruṣa realization. But while a city is so much more than a dot, puruṣa is vastly less. Every attempt by the self to confer its own apparent qualities on puruṣa—solidity, location, identity, subjectivity, essence, ownership—inflates puruṣa astronomically beyond what it is. This dilemma is the wedge that drives apart the words we
life, and experience. 14 This life will be marked by delight or anguish, in proportion to those good or bad actions that created its store of latent impressions. 15 The wise see suffering in all experience, whether from the anguish of impermanence or from latent impressions laden with suffering or from incessant conflict as the fundamental qualities of nature vie for ascendancy. 16 But suffering that has not yet arisen can be prevented. 17 The preventable cause of all this suffering is
cakra wheel, energy center (3.30) caturtha fourth (2.51) citta consciousness (1.2, 1.30, 1.33, 1.37, 2.54, 3.1, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12, 3.19, 3.35, 3.39, 4.4, 4.5, 4.15–18, 4.21, 4.23, 4.26) darśana vision, perspective, systematic view, philosophy (1.30, 2.6, 2.41, 3.33) dhāraṇā concentration (2.29, 2.53, 3.1) dharma property, visible form, constituent form (3.13, 3.14, 3.46, 4.12, 4.29) dhyānā meditative absorption (1.39, 2.11, 2.29, 3.2, 4.6) duḥkha distress, pain,
Buddha and Patañjali compared consciousness and contemporary science death and rebirth īśvara saṃskāras sattva view of nature saṃskāra. See latent impression (saṃskāra) saṃyama. See “perfect discipline” (saṃyama) saṃyoga (indivisibility) santoṣa (contentment) śramanas (spiritual teachers) sattva. See luminosity (sattva) śūnyatā (emptiness) scientific knowledge seed. See latent impression (saṃskāra) Seeing (vidyā). See also ignorance (avidyā) self and selfhood. See also