The Upanishads (Penguin Classics)

The Upanishads (Penguin Classics)

Language: English

Pages: 144

ISBN: 0140441638

Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub


The Upanishads, the earliest of which were composed in Sanskrit between 800 and 400 bce by sages and poets, form part of the Vedas - the sacred and ancient scriptures that are the basis of the Hindu religion. Each Upanishad, or lesson, takes up a theme ranging from the attainment of spiritual bliss to karma and rebirth, and collectively they are meditations on life, death and immortality. The essence of their teachings is that truth can by reached by faith rather than by thought, and that the spirit of God is within each of us - we need not fear death as we carry within us the promise of eternal life.

For more than seventy years, Penguin has been the leading publisher of classic literature in the English-speaking world. With more than 1,700 titles, Penguin Classics represents a global bookshelf of the best works throughout history and across genres and disciplines. Readers trust the series to provide authoritative texts enhanced by introductions and notes by distinguished scholars and contemporary authors, as well as up-to-date translations by award-winning translators.

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(pratyarā) of a wheel might be. 11. Six eights: Johnson (1930: 858–9) suggests that some of these sets of eight may be among those intended (based on the classic SĀṅkhya text, the SĀṅkhya-kārikā of Īśvarakṛṣṅa, which can be found with English translation in Larson 1979: 255–77): Eight forms of prakṛti: five elements plus buddhi, manas and ahaṞkāra. Eight forms of psychic power (siddhi, ‘accomplishment’, or aiśvarya, ‘mastery’) achieved by yogis: minuteness, lightness, ability to reach

wordplay see punning work 268, 328 world cycle 396–7n worlds 128, 194–5, 208, 210, 320, 324, 342, 501 worship 8, 29–31, 86–7, 165–7, 182–9, 224–5, 234, 245–6, 251, 256–8, 263–4, 334, 365–6, 369, 370 yajamāna 494, 501 see also sacrifices, patron of Yajñavacas Rājastambāyana 105 Yājñavalkya xx, xxi–xxii, xxiii, xxv, xxvi, xxxiii, xxxiv, li, 20, 34–6, 41–79, 105, 488, 490, 499, 501 Yajñāyajñīya 128, 241, 501 Yajurveda xvii, xix, 14, 25, 35, 61, 78, 86, 112, 133, 141,

newborn infant ghee to lick, or put it to the breast: and they call a newborn calf ‘not grass-fed’. ‘On it everything is supported, what breathes and what does not’, for all this is supported on milk, what breathes and what does not. So when they say, ‘Whoever makes offerings with milk for a year conquers re-death’, one should not understand it like that. He conquers re-death on the very day he first makes the offering,68 if he knows this: for he is offering all his good food to the gods. ‘Why

being, endless, boundless, consists entirely of knowledge. Having arisen from these elements, it vanishes along with them,for after it has departed there is no consciousness:31 that is what I say,’ said Yājñavalkya. 13. Maitreyī said, ‘Blessed one, you have confused me by saying that after it has departed there is no consciousness.’ He said, ‘I do not speak to confuse you: this is enough for knowledge. 14. ‘For where there is duality, one smells another, one sees another, one hears another,

If you had sung the Prastāva without knowing it, your head would have split apart when I told you this.’ 6. Then the Udgātṛ approached him, saying, ‘Blessed one, you said to me, “Udgātṛ, if you sing the Udgītha without knowing the deity that is associated with the Udgītha, your head will split apart.” Which is that deity?’ 7. ‘The sun,’ he said. ‘All beings sing (gai-) to the sun when it is on high (uccaiḥ). That is the deity that is associated with the Udgītha. If you had sung the Udgītha

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