The Class of 1861: Custer, Ames, and Their Classmates after West Point
Ralph Kirshner
Language: English
Pages: 280
ISBN: 0809320665
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
George Armstrong Custer wrote about his friend Pierce Manning Butler Young, who left West Point to become a Confederate general: "I remember a conversation held at the table at which I sat during the winter of '60–'61. I was seated next to Cadet P. M. B. Young, a gallant young fellow, a classmate of mine, then and since the war an intimate and valued friend—a major-general in the Confederate forces during the war and a member of Congress from his native State [Georgia] at a later date. The approaching war was as usual the subject of conversation in which all participated, and in the freest and most friendly manner. . . . Finally, in a half jocular, half earnest manner, Young turned to me and delivered himself as follows: 'Custer, my boy, we're going to have war. It's no use talking: I see it coming. All the Crittenden compromises that can be patched up won't avert it. Now let me prophesy what will happen to you and me. You will go home, and your abolition Governor will probably make you colonel of a cavalry regiment. I will go down to Georgia, and ask Governor Brown to give me a cavalry regiment. And who knows but we may move against each other during the war. . . .' Lightly as we both regarded this boyish prediction, it was destined to be fulfilled in a remarkable degree."
Ralph Kirshner has provided a richly illustrated forum to enable the West Point class of 1861 to write its own autobiography. Through letters, journals, and published accounts, George Armstrong Custer, Adelbert Ames, and their classmates tell in their own words of their Civil War battles and of their varied careers after the war.
Two classes graduated from West Point in 1861 because of Lincoln's need of lieutenants, forty-five cadets in Ames's class in May and thirty-four in Custer's class in June. The cadets range from Henry Algernon du Pont, first in the class of May, whose ancestral home is now Winterthur Garden, to Custer, last in the class of June. "Only thirty-four graduated," remarked Custer, "and of these thirty-three graduated above me." West Point's mathematics professor and librarian Oliver Otis Howard, after whom Howard University is named, is also portrayed.
Other famous names from the class of 1861 are John Pelham, Emory Upton, Thomas L. Rosser, John Herbert Kelly (the youngest general in the Confederacy when appointed), Patrick O'Rorke (head of the class of June), Alonzo Cushing, Peter Hains, Edmund Kirby, John Adair (the only deserter in the class), and Judson Kilpatrick (great-grandfather of Gloria Vanderbilt). They describe West Point before the Civil War, the war years, including the Vicksburg campaign and the battle of Gettysburg, the courage and character of classmates, and the ending of the war.
Kirshner also highlights postwar lives, including Custer at Little Bighorn; Custer's rebel friend Rosser; John Whitney Barlow, who explored Yellowstone; du Pont, senator and author; Kilpatrick, playwright and diplomat; Orville E. Babcock, Grant's secretary until his indictment in the "Whiskey Ring"; Pierce M. B. Young, a Confederate general who became a diplomat; Hains, the only member of the class to serve on active duty in World War I; and Upton, "the class genius."
The book features eighty-three photographs of all but one of the graduates and some of the nongraduates. Kirshner includes an appendix entitled "Roll Call," which discusses their contributions and lists them according to rank in the class.
George A. Plimpton provides a foreword about his great-grandfather, Adelbert Ames-Reconstruction governor of Mississippi and the last surviving Civil War general-and President Kennedy.
The Class of 1861: Custer, Ames, and Their Classmates after West Point
Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery
Surgeon in Blue: Jonathan Letterman, the Civil War Doctor Who Pioneered Battlefield Care
At Fredericksburg, Virginia, on December 13, 1862, John Pelham distinguished himself again. He commanded the Confederate horse artillery, which Jeb Stuart had described in a January letter to his brotherinlaw John R. Cooke, noting, "It is called the 'Stuart Horse Artillery' and is commanded by Captain John Pelham—a graduate of May last."42
of assault or siege. If an assault succeeded a siege would be avoided. If it did not, a siege would follow as a matter of course."13 In Hains's view, "Grant made a mistake when, on May 22nd, he yielded his better judgment to the importunities of his subordinate, General McClernand, commanding the 13th Army Corps (in the center of the line of invest Page 41
section, securing and defending the front of our line from the persistent attacks of the enemy, notwithstanding its own exposed condition, and under a most galling fire from the rebel sharpshooters and line of battle, Lieutenant Dimick showed the skill and judgment of an accomplished artillery officer and the intrepid bravery of the truest soldier. After
his mischief was overlooked by townspeople because of "the respect . . . for my parents."10 That respect was shared by several generals who wanted Kirby's mother to get a decent pension. On May 28, 1863, Kirby received a deathbed promotion from lieutenant to brigadier general from Abraham Lincoln. After Chancellorsville, Orville Babcock noted perceptively, "News of Hooker's defeat, not as bad as might be."11 But the casualty list was enormous. Ford Kent, after
next day du Pont wrote to his mother, saying, "there has been a good deal of talk here about Jno. Brown, as every where else. A good many here seem to think the Union is going to be dissolved."16 Custer's family were Democrats (which was one reason he got along so well with Southerners) and had a low opinion of abolitionists. Yet Custer later wrote, "it required more than ordinary moral and physical courage to boldly avow oneself an abolitionist. The name was considered one